Linux 终端看似简单，但只需两项配置，就能显著提升日常效率：在提示符前显示当前时间，以及在历史命令中保留执行时间。
The Linux terminal is simple by design, but two small changes can make it much more useful: show the current time in your prompt and record timestamps for command history.
在提示符前显示当前时间
默认提示符通常只显示用户名、主机名和当前目录。当你同时处理多个任务，或者回看终端截图时，时间信息会非常有帮助。
By default, your prompt normally shows only your user name, host name, and current directory. Adding a timestamp is helpful when you switch between tasks or review terminal output later.
为历史命令记录执行时间
history 命令可以列出之前执行过的命令。设置 HISTTIMEFORMAT 后，列表会同时显示每条命令的时间，方便你定位“某个操作是什么时候做的”。
The history command lists commands you have run before. With HISTTIMEFORMAT configured, every entry also includes its execution time, making it easier to trace when an action happened.
配置步骤｜Setup
# 1. 编辑 Bash 配置文件｜Edit the Bash configuration file
vim ~/.bashrc
# 2. 添加以下配置｜Add the following settings
export PS1='[\D{%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S}] \u@\h:\w\$ '
export HISTTIMEFORMAT='[%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S] '
# 3. 重新加载配置｜Reload the configuration
source ~/.bashrc
保存文件后执行 source ~/.bashrc，新配置会立即在当前终端生效；重新打开终端时也会自动加载。
After saving the file, run source ~/.bashrc to apply the changes to the current terminal immediately. They will also load automatically in future terminal sessions.
配置完成后，提示符会类似下面这样：
After configuration, your prompt will look similar to this:
[2026-08-30 10:30:00] jiangyu@server:~/project$
历史命令也会带上时间：
Your command history will include timestamps as well:
128 [2026-08-30 10:18:42] git status
129 [2026-08-30 10:19:05] git commit -m "update shell config"
注意事项｜Notes
以上配置针对 Bash。如果你使用的是 Zsh，应修改 ~/.zshrc；如果是 Fish，则需要使用 Fish 自己的配置语法。修改前也可以先备份配置文件：
These settings are for Bash. If you use Zsh, edit ~/.zshrc instead. Fish uses its own configuration syntax. It is also a good habit to back up the file before making changes:
cp ~/.bashrc ~/.bashrc.backup
这两个小设置不改变命令本身的行为，却能让排查问题、回顾操作和日常使用都更从容。
These two small settings do not change how commands work, but they make troubleshooting, reviewing work, and everyday terminal use much easier.